Convolutie:
Convolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Toepassingen in beeldbewerking, contrastfilters en edge filters in photoshop bijv.
enz: (paar dingen in het vet die misschien wel leuk zijn)
* In electrical engineering, the convolution of one function (the input) with a second function (the impulse response) gives the output of a linear time-invariant system (LTI). At any given moment, the output is an accumulated effect of all the prior values of the input function, with the most recent values typically having the most influence (expressed as a multiplicative factor). The impulse response function provides that factor as a function of the elapsed time since each input value occurred.
o In digital signal processing and image processing applications, the entire input function is often available for computing every sample of the output function. In that case, the constraint that each output is the effect of only prior inputs can be relaxed.
o Convolution amplifies or attenuates each frequency component of the input independently of the other components.
* In statistics, as noted above, a weighted moving average is a convolution.
* In probability theory, the probability distribution of the sum of two independent random variables is the convolution of their individual distributions.
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In optics, many kinds of "blur" are described by convolutions. A shadow (e.g. the shadow on the table when you hold your hand between the table and a light source) is the convolution of the shape of the light source that is casting the shadow and the object whose shadow is being cast. An out-of-focus photograph is the convolution of the sharp image with the shape of the iris diaphragm. The photographic term for this is bokeh.
* Similarly, in digital image processing, convolutional filtering plays an important role in many important algorithms in edge detection and related processes.
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In linear acoustics, an echo is the convolution of the original sound with a function representing the various objects that are reflecting it.
* In artificial reverberation (digital signal processing, pro audio), convolution is used to map the impulse response of a real room on a digital audio signal (see previous and next point for additional information).
* In time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, the excitation signal can be treated as a chain of delta pulses, and the measured fluorescence is a sum of exponential decays from each delta pulse.
* In physics, wherever there is a linear system with a "superposition principle", a convolution operation makes an appearance.